Cataract surgery is a common and highly effective procedure performed to remove a cloudy lens (cataract) from the eye and replace it with a clear artificial lens (intraocular lens – IOL). This surgery is typically recommended for individuals who experience blurred vision, glare sensitivity, and difficulty seeing clearly due to cataracts.
CATARACT SURGERY
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Who Needs Cataract Surgery?
Cataract surgery is recommended for individuals who experience blurred or hazy vision that interferes with daily activities, have difficulty seeing clearly in low-light conditions or bright sunlight, notice increased glare and halos around lights, struggle with reading, driving, or recognizing faces due to cloudy vision, or have been diagnosed with cataracts that affect their quality of life.
Types of Cataract Surgery
Phacoemulsification (Phaco) – The Most Common Method
This method involves making a tiny incision in the cornea, using an ultrasound probe to break the cataract into small pieces, and gently suctioning out the broken pieces. The procedure is quick, minimally invasive, and has a fast recovery time.
Extracapsular Cataract Extraction (ECCE)
A larger incision is made to remove the cataract in one piece rather than breaking it up. This method is used in cases where the cataract is too dense for phacoemulsification. The recovery time is slightly longer compared to the phaco technique.
Femtosecond Laser-Assisted Cataract Surgery (FLACS)
A laser is used to make precise incisions and soften the cataract before removal. This technique improves accuracy and may enhance recovery. It is considered an advanced option for cataract surgery.
Procedure Overview
Cataract surgery is performed under local anesthesia and usually takes about 15-30 minutes per eye. The surgeon removes the clouded lens and replaces it with an artificial intraocular lens (IOL). Patients typically go home the same day, as it is an outpatient procedure.
Recovery and Aftercare
Mild discomfort, itching, or sensitivity to light may occur for a few days after surgery. Patients are advised to avoid rubbing the eyes, lifting heavy objects, and exposing the eyes to direct sunlight. Eye drops prescribed by the doctor should be used as directed to prevent infection and inflammation. Vision improvement is noticeable within a few days, but complete healing may take several weeks.
Potential Risks
Although cataract surgery is generally safe, possible complications include infection, swelling, increased eye pressure, retinal detachment, or minor vision disturbances. Following post-operative instructions reduces the risk of complications.
Conclusion
Cataract surgery is a safe and effective solution for restoring clear vision. With modern techniques and intraocular lenses, patients can achieve significant improvement in visual clarity and overall quality of life. Consulting with an eye specialist can help determine the best surgical approach based on individual needs.
